УДК 622.271.333

DOI: 10.21440/0536-1028-2019-8-47-57

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Karablin M. M., Prostov S. M., Lesin Iu. V. Landslides at the slopes of Angren opencast coal mine. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii. Gornyi zhurnal = News of the Higher Institutions. Mining Journal. 2019; 8: 47–57 (In Russ.). DOI: 10.21440/0536-1028-2019-8-47-57

Abstract

Introduction. Opencast mining is complicated by a number of negative events. The problem of slopes instability plays a special part. In the conditions of modern economy, when the growth of mineral production is inevitable, human protection and work cycle permanence are the criteria of mining enterprises productivity. The actions aimed at protecting against landslides being developed and landslides that took place when carrying out opencast mining operations at the f elds of Kuzbass, Transbaikal, Republic of Kazakhstan, Republic of Uzbekistan, the USA, and Poland prove that it is crucial to f nd the solution to this problem. At the same time, particular features of the mentioned f elds are complex engineering-geological and hydrogeological conditions. One such f eld is Angren brown coal f eld.
Research aim is to determine engineering-geological and hydrogeological factors infuencing the development of landslides.
Methodology. Engineering-geological conditions of Angren brown coal feld have been analyzed, together with the results of surveying instrumental and hydrogeological observations.Results. Geological structure of Angren brown coal feld area includes the rocks of the Paliozoic foundation and the Mezo-Cenozoic deposits. Hydrogeological conditions of the feld include four diferent water-bearing strata and complexes, which infuence the development of landslides: quaternary, Neogene, the Cretaceous-Palaeogene, and Jurassic deposits. Drainage pattern of a feld is represented by ravines with
permanent or temporary watercourse (“sai” in the Kazakh language) and the watercourse itself: Saiak-sai, Badamzar-sai, and Boksuk-sai. The expansion of engineering activities connected with feld development, resulted in some negative efects which infuence the stability of slopes: discharge of subsurface waters on the surface of slopes, reduction of strength characteristics in the zones of disjunctive faults, shale hydration, development of fracture zones in weathering crust rock, and variation of stress. The most hazardous landslide is Tsentralny. As of 2017–2018, the area of the landslide cirque reached 1.06 km2, volume – 120 million m3. By the results of surveying instrumental observations, the following
displacement periods have been determined: most intensive – from January to May 2018, least intensive – from May to December 2018. The analysis of drainage water delivery in 2017–2018 shows that maximum increase in the level of ground waters is in spring (March – May).
Conclusions. Together with deviations from design parameters of slopes (slope angle increases, strata contacts trim, etc.), one main reason of landslides is unfavorable combination of engineering-geological and hydrogeological factors: high water permeability of enclosing rock represented by loam, pebble, and gravelite, and rush of ground water from surface sources, precipitation, and overfow along the fractures reservoir rock.

Key words: landslide; stability of slopes and benches; engineering-geological conditions; hydrogeological conditions; surveying; ground water level.

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Received 6 May 2019